Manuel Castells'
TRILOGY
´Ù´Ï¿¤ º§ÀÇ 'Èı⠻ê¾÷»çȸ·Ð'ÀÌ µîÀåÇÑ ÀÌÈÄ »õ·Î¿î ÇüÅÂÀÇ »çȸ ÃâÇöÀ» ¿¹°íÇÏ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÀÔÀåµéÀÌ Á¦±âµÇ¾î ¿Ô´Ù. ÀÌ´Â »ê¾÷»çȸ¿Í´Â ºÐ¸íÈ÷ ±¸º°µÇ´Â Á¤º¸»çȸ(information society)ÀÇ ´ëµÎ¸¦ ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â Àüȯ·ÐÀû ½Ã°¢°ú Á¤º¸±â¼úÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀ» ±âÁ¸ÀÇ °úÇбâ¼úÀÇ ¿¬Àå¼±»ó¿¡¼ ÀÌÇØÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, ±× ±âº»ÀûÀÎ »çȸ ¼º°ÝÀº »ê¾÷»çȸ¿Í ´Ù¸£Áö ¾Ê´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â Áö¼Ó·ÐÀû ½Ã°¢ÀÇ ´ë¸³ ¾ç»óÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³ª°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ¼¼°èÀûÀÎ ±Ô¸ðÀÇ ÅëÇÕµÈ °æÁ¦´ÜÀ§, °ð ¼¼°è°æÁ¦ÀÇ µîÀå¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇÏ´Â ½Ã°¢ ¿ª½Ã º´Á¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ½ÇÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ »çȸ¿¡ °üÇÑ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½Ã°¢µéÀÌ µîÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °¡¿îµ¥ Á¤º¸±â¼ú°ú Áö±¸È(globalization)¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñÇØ¿Â ¸¶´º¿¤ Ä«½ºÅÚ½º ±³¼ö(¹öŬ¸®´ë)°¡ 96³â '³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸÀÇ ÃâÇö(The Rise of the Network Society)'À» ½ÃÀÛÀ¸·Î 97³â 'Á¤Ã¼¼ºÀÇ ±Ç·Â(The Power of Identity)'¿¡ À̾î 98³â '¹Ð·¹´Ï¾öÀÇ Á¾¸»(End of Millennium)'À» ¹ß°£ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á 'Á¤º¸È ½Ã´ë: °æÁ¦, »çȸ, ±×¸®°í ¹®È(The Information Age:Economy, Society and Culture)' 3ºÎÀÛÀ» ¿Ï°áÁö¾ú´Ù. ±×´Â ±âÁ¸ÀÇ ³íÀǵéÀÌ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ¾ú´ø ÇÑ°è, °ð °³º°ÀûÀÎ Ãø¸é¿¡¼ ºÐ¼®µÆ´ø »çȸ º¯ÈÀÇ Á¶¸ÁÀ» ³Ñ¾î¼ °æÁ¦, ³ëµ¿, ¹Ìµð¾î, Á¤Ä¡, ¹®È µîÀ» Æ÷°ýÇÏ´Â ÃÑüÀûÀÎ Ãø¸é¿¡¼ "¹Ì·¡" »çȸ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ¹Ù·Î "ÇöÀç" »çȸÀÇ º¯È ¾ç»óÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×°¡ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº »õ·Î¿î ÇüÅÂÀÇ »çȸ ÃâÇö, °ð ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ´Â °³ÀÎÀ̳ª ȸ»ç ¶Ç´Â ±¹°¡°¡ ´õ ÀÌ»ó »çȸÀÇ ´ÜÀ§°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó´Â »ç½Ç¿¡ ±â¹ÝÇÑ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ´Â °æÁ¦, ³ëµ¿, ¹Ìµð¾î, Á¤Ä¡ µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ ÇüÅÂÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¿¡ µÑ·¯½×¿© Á¶Á÷ÈµÈ »çȸÀÌ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ¿¡¼ °æ°è¼±Àº ´õ ÀÌ»ó ±¹°æÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç µµ½Ã¿Í ³óÃÌÀ» ±¸ºÐÁþÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ©ÀÇ ³í¸®´Â °³Àΰú ȸ»ç, ±×¸®°í ±¹°¡µéÀÇ ¿î¸íÀ» ±ÔÁ¤Áþ´Â´Ù. Ä«½ºÅÚ½º´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ¿¡ °üÇÑ ³íÀÇ°¡ ¹Ì·¡Çп¡ °üÇÑ Áú¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ¸ø¹Ú´Â´Ù. »ç¶÷µéÀº ÀÌ¹Ì ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ¿¡¼ »ì¾Æ°¡°í Àִ´ٴ °ÍÀÌ ±×ÀÇ ½Ã°¢ÀÌ´Ù. ±â¼ú ³×Æ®¿öÅ©´Â ÀÌ¹Ì ¿ì¸® »çȸÀÇ ÇÙ½ÉÀÌ µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, ±×´Â ÀÌ·¯ ÇÑ »ç½ÇÀ» °æÇèÀûÀÎ ÀڷḦ Á¦½ÃÇÔÀ¸·Î½á Áõ¸íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀº ÇöÀç ¹ú¾îÁö´Â ÀÖ´Â Àϵ鿡 ´ëÇØ °Ì¿¡ Áú·Á ÀÖÀ¸³ª ±â¼ú ±× ÀÚü´Â ÁÁÀº °Íµµ ³ª»Û °Íµµ Á߸³ÀûÀÎ °Íµµ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ÁÖÀåÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ì·¡ »çȸ ¿¡ °üÇÑ ºñ°ü·Ð ȤÀº ³°ü·ÐÀ» °æ°èÇÏ¸ç ±×´Â ±â¼ú ³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ ¿ì¸® Àڽſ¡ ÀÇÇØ Áõ´ëµÇ°í °èȹµÈ °ÍÀÌ¸ç ¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ ÁÁÀº Ãø¸é°ú ³ª»Û Ãø¸éÀ» Áõ´ë½ÃÅ°°í ÀÖÀ» »ÓÀ̶ó°í ÁöÀûÇÑ´Ù. ±×´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ ºÎÀÚ°¡ ´õ ºÎÀ¯ÇØÁö°í ºóÀÚ°¡ ´õ °¡³ÇØÁö´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¸é¼µµ µ¿½Ã¿¡ ÀÜ¶à ºÎÇ®¾îÁ³´ø ¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ °èȹÀ» ¸ñ°ÝÇß°í, ¼¼°è¿¡¼, ±¹°¡¿¡¼, µµ½Ã¿¡¼ ÇàÇØÁø »çȸÀû Ãß¹æÀ» º¸¾ÒÀ» ¶§ ÀÌ¹Ì °ú°ÅÀÇ ¿ì¸® ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ »õ·Î¿î ±â¼úÀ» Âù¾çÇÏ°í Áõ´ë½ÃÄ×´ø »ç½ÇÀ» ¸ñ°ÝÇß´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇÑ´Ù. ¹Ý¸é ±×´Â ±×µ¿¾È ¿ì¸®´Â °³ÀεéÀÇ ±àÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ÈûÀÇ Áõ´ë(±¹°¡ ±Ç·ÂÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ)¸¦ ¸ñ°ÝÇß´Ù°í ÁöÀûÇÑ´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© »çȸ´Â °ü·áÁ¦Àû ±¸Á¶¸¦ ¹Ø¿¡¼ºÎÅÍ Çã¹°°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Á¡Â÷ ÀÛ¾÷Àå¿¡¼ Å»·ÂÀûÀÎ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î ÀÏÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÇ¾î °¡°í ÀÖ°í, »õ·Î¿î ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î »çȸ¿îµ¿ÀÌ Á¶Á÷ȵǰí ÀÖ´Ù( ¸ß½ÃÄÚÀÇ the Chiapas
movement ¾ÇÀÌ µÚ¼¯ÀÎ »óÅ·Π³õ¿©Á® ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ¸¹Àº ¹Ì·¡ÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ÁÖÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °Í°ú´Â ´Þ¸® Á¤º¸È°¡ Çö´ë ÀÚº»ÁÖÀÇ »çȸÀÇ °æÁ¦ÀûÀÎ ¾ç½ÄÀ» ¹«³Ê¶ß¸®°í ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â »ç½ÇÀ» °æÇè ÀûÀ¸·Î º¸¿©ÁÖ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Ä«½ºÅÚ½º´Â ¼¼°èüÁ¦·Ð¿¡¼ Á¦±âÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¼¼°è°æÁ¦(world economy)ÀÇ ÃâÇö°ú´Â ´Þ¸® Áö±¸°æÁ¦(global economy)ÀÇ µîÀåÀ» ÁöÀûÇÏ¸é¼ Áö±¸°æÁ¦¸¦ Áö±¸Àû ±Ô¸ð¿¡¼ ½Ç½Ã°£¿¡ ÇϳªÀÇ ´ÜÀ§·Î ÀÛµ¿ÇÏ´Â °æÁ¦·Î Á¤ÀÇÇÏ°í ±×·¯ÇÑ Áö±¸°æÁ¦°¡ ½ÇÇöµÇ´Â °úÁ¤À» ºÐ¼®ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ±â¼úÀº ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Áö±¸°æÁ¦ÀÇ ÃâÇöÀ» °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ÇßÁö¸¸ ±×´Â Áö±¸°æÁ¦ÀÇ ÃâÇöÀÌ °ð »õ·Î¿î À¯ÅäÇǾÆÀÇ µµ·¡¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ¿´´Ù. 3ºÎÀÛÀÇ ¸¶Áö¸·À» Àå½ÄÇÑ '¹Ð·¹´Ï¾öÀÇ Á¾¸»'¿¡¼ ±×´Â ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«ÀÇ Çö½Ç, µµ½Ãºó°ï, ±×¸®°í ¾î¸° ¾ÆÀ̵éÀÇ Âü»óÀ» º¸¿©ÁÖ¸é¼ ºÒÆòµî°ú ¾ç±ØÈ Çö»ó, »çȸÀû Ãß¹æÀÇ È®´ë¸¦ °æ°íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. µ¡ºÙ¿©¼ ±×´Â ¸¹Àº ±¹°¡¿¡¼ ¸ñ°ÝµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â Á¤Ä¡¿Í °æÁ¦ÀÇ À¯Âø Çö»óÀ» Åä´ë·Î Çü¼ºµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â Áö±¸Àû ¹üÁË °æÁ¦¸¦ ºñÆÇÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ±×´Â ¹®Á¦´Â ¹Ì·¡°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ ¹Ù·Î Áö±ÝÀ̸ç, Àü¸ÁÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ Çö½Ç Á÷½ÃÀÓÀ» 3ºÎÀÛÀ» ÅëÇØ ¸»ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Volume I The Rise of the Network Society Prologue: The Net and the Self 1. The Information Technology Revolution 2. The Information Economy and the Process of Globalization 3. The Network Enterprise 4. The Transformation of Work and Employment 5. The Culture of Real Virtuality 6. The Space of Flows 7. The Edge of Forever Conclusion: The Network Society
Volume II The Power of Identity Our World, our Lives 1. Communal Heavens 2. The Other Face of the Earth 3. The Greening of the Self 4. The End of Patriarchalism 5. A Powerless State? 6. Informational Politics and the Crisis of Democracy Conclusion: Social Change in the Network Society
Volume III End of Millennium A Time of Change 1. The Crisis of Industrial Statism and the Collapse of the Soviet Union 2. The Rise of the Fourth World 3. The Perverse Connection 4. Toward the Pacific Era? 5. The Unification of Europe Conclusion: Making Sense of our World
Anthony Giddens, The Times Higher Education Suppliment "We live today in a period of intense and puzzling transformation, signalling perhaps a move beyond the industrial era altogether. Yet where are the great sociologial works that chart this transition? Hence the importance of Manuel Castells' multivolume work, in which he seeks to chart the social and economic dynamics of the information age. It would not be fanciful to work to Max Weber's Economy and Society, written almost a century earlier. The complete three-volume work will be encyclopedic and is bound to be a major reference source for years to come." |